American Society for Testing Materials
(ASTM)
Over 12,000 ASTM standards operate
globally. Defined and set by us, they improve the lives of millions every day.
Combined with our innovative business services, ASTM standards enhance
performance and help everyone have confidence in the things they buy and use –
from the toy in a child’s hand to the aircraft overhead.
Working across borders, disciplines and
industries we harness the expertise of over 30,000 members to create consensus
and improve performance in manufacturing and materials, products and processes,
systems and services.
Understanding commercial needs and
consumer priorities, we touch every part of everyday life: helping our world
work better. ASTM's paint and related coating standards are instrumental in
specifying and evaluating the physical and chemical properties of various
paints and coatings that are applied to certain bulk materials to improve their
surface properties.
Guides are also provided for the proper
methods of applying these coatings, which also include enamels, varnishes,
electroplating, pigments, and solvents. These paint and related coating
standards help paint manufacturers and end-users in the appropriate testing and
application procedures for the coating of their concern.
List of paint standards and related
coating standards developed by ASTM -
http://www.astm.org/…/paint-and-related-coating-standards.h…
Standard conditions for temperature and pressure
A standard sets of conditions for
experimental measurements established to allow comparisons to be made between
different sets of data. The most used standards are those of the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), although these are not universally accepted
standards. Other organizations have established a variety of alternative
definitions for their standard reference conditions.
In chemistry, IUPAC established standard
temperature and pressure (informally abbreviated as STP) as a temperature of
273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 100,000 Pa (1 bar,
14.5 psi, 0.9869 Atmospheric pressure). An unofficial, but commonly used
standard is standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP) as a temperature
of 298.15 K (25 °C, 77 °F).
NIST uses a temperature of 20 °C (293.15
K, 68 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi, 1 atmosphere).
The International Standard Metric Conditions for natural gas and similar fluids
are 288.15 K (15.00 °C; 59.00 °F) and 101.325 kPa.
Based upon the American Society for
Testing Materials (ASTM) - Testing of Automotive Coating
Scratch Resistance
The scratch resistance was determined in
accordance with AS 1580 Method 403.1
A tungsten carbide needle is slid over
the surface. The load required for the needle to penetrate through to the
substrate is used to indicate the scratch resistance.
· Chemical Resistance
The chemical resistance of the coating
was determined in accordance with ASTM D1308-02
Concentrated Hydrochloric acid,
Phosphoric acid, and Ethanol were applied to the surface of the coating,
covered and allowed to be in contact with the surface for one hour. The surface
was then washed with distilled water, allowed to dry and then inspected.
· Resistance to ultra
violet radiation
UV resistance was determined in
accordance with ASTM G155
Using Xenon Arc Light allows
reproduction of the weathering effects occurring when materials are exposed to
sunlight (either direct or through window glass) and moisture. Test for colour
fastness and accelerated life testing to long term UV exposure. Find out if the
coating will withstand years’ worth of UV weathering.
· Pencil Hardness (no AMST)
Make a line about 1/2-inch long. If the
pencil you start with scratches the surface of the coating, then go down the
pencil grades until you come to the first pencil that doesn't scratch the
coating. Redo the test, and if you get the same results, you have determined
the 'Pencil Hardness' of the coating you are testing.
Other Test available
- Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion - ASTM D870
- Standard Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints and Coatings on Metal Substrate - ASTM D1014
- Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings - D4587 - 11
Certification
Certification Testing is one step above
Compliance Testing. Certification has a legal connotation signifying that a
third party organization has put its stamp of approval on the outcome and has,
in a sense, guaranteed that the products meet the conditions of the test.
Testing and Product Certification
Program should be carried out in accordance with ISO / IEC 17065 by a member of
the American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA)
An example Test / Certification Report
TÜV Rhineland - http://shinefactory.pl/…/T%C3%9CV-Testrapport-Opti-Coat-Pro…
Always be
willing to learn; because the more you learn, the more you’ll realize what you
don’t know. It is
said that knowledge is power, with the caveat that it includes access to a
reliable information sources. I would like to think
that these articles become an asset to anyone who is new to detailing and to
professional’s alike, as well as industry experts who seek to advance their
knowledge.
I hope these articles are informative. They are
based on the current status of technical development as well as my experience
with the products.
By having
some understanding of the ‘What’ and ‘Why’ as well as the ‘How’ along with a
little science to help you understand how the chemicals we use react, you can
achieve the results you desire.
I would appreciate it if you would share
these articles as it helps other detailers further their knowledge.
As always if you have questions, I’ll do
my best to answer; bear in mind the only stupid questions is the one that was
unasked. Questions and/ or constructive comments are always appreciated
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